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On this day in History in 1719, the Battle of Glen Shiel was fought in the Northwestern highlands of Scotland between Jacobite rebels and their Spanish allies in support of the Jacobite pretender to the thrones of England, Ireland, and Scotland, James Francis Edward Stuart (b.1688-1766) and the royal army of King George I, King of Great Britain and Ireland. The only major engagement of the 1719 Jacobite Uprising, the Battle of Glen Shiel is notable for the presence of Spanish interventionist forces as well. British stamp collection cover of the Spanish "Galicia" regiments' retreat at the Battle of Glen Shiel, June 10th 1719 One of the major Jacobite Uprisings next to the Jacobite War in Ireland 1689-1691 and the Rebellion of 1745-1746 (most notable for the Battles of Prestonpans in 1745 and Culloden Moor in 1746), led by Prince Charles Edward Stuart (b.1720-1788), ‘Bonnie Prince Charlie’, the Battle of Glen Shiel was an utter, and near catastrophic defeat for the Jacobite

The Hawaiian Islands ( Mokupuni o Hawai‘i ) have a fascinating history as it relates to warfare and military studies at the turn of the 18 th century. A product of both the industrial revolution and the colonial/imperial age which was only just beginning in the late 1790’s throughout the Americas , Africa, and Asia , the Hawaiian kingdom was born in the earliest age of exploration and trade. Kamehameha and his officers/chieftains prepare for battle  by Herb Kawainui Kāne (b.1928-2011) Kamehameha the Great (b.1758-1819), reigning as king of a united Hawaii from 1810 until his death in 1819, Kamehameha was a great conqueror and warrior as well as a benevolent peace-maker and diplomat. He created modern Hawaii by forging an empire out of a chain of scattered island-kingdoms long ruled by petty kings and chieftains. King Kamehameha unified all of the Hawai’ian islands by the time of his death, ruling Hawaii, Maui, O’ahu, Kauaʻi, Niʻihau, Moloka’i, Lana’i, and Kaho’olawe. Through many yea